Why Benjamin Franklin Once Wanted the Turkey as America’s National Bird

When we think of American symbols, the bald eagle immediately comes to mind, representing strength, freedom, and independence. However, history often forgets that one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin, had a very different vision for America’s national bird. In a letter to his daughter Sarah, Franklin famously expressed his discontent with the selection of the bald eagle. He believed that the turkey would have been a much more fitting choice, although the reasoning behind his preference is often overlooked. In this article, we will delve into Franklin’s argument for the turkey, the historical context of his views, and the lasting implications of this quirky piece of American history.

1. The Bald Eagle vs. The Turkey: A Symbolic Debate

The bald eagle was officially adopted as the national bird of the United States in 1782, but Franklin was not an admirer of this avian emblem. In his letter dated January 26, 1784, to his daughter Sarah, he expressed his disapproval of the bald eagle, describing it as a “bird of bad moral character”. He highlighted how the eagle often stole from other birds and was cowardly, attacking only the weak.

In contrast, Franklin praised the turkey as a truly noble bird. He believed that the turkey was a more authentic representation of the American spirit, particularly because it was a bird native to North America. Franklin noted that the turkey was a hardy and intelligent creature, often displaying courage, especially in times of danger.

“The turkey is a respectful bird,” he wrote, noting its ability to defend itself against foes and its more commendable qualities compared to the less honorable eagle. This playful critique showcased Franklin’s humor, wit, and deep affection for American wildlife, asserting that the country was better represented by the turkey than the eagle.

2. The Historical Context of Franklin’s Perspective

To comprehend Franklin’s preference for the turkey, it is vital to place his views in the context of the late 18th century. After breaking from British rule, there was a growing sentiment of establishing a uniquely American identity separate from European influences. Franklin’s desire for the turkey to symbolize America reflected his values and the sentiments of many post-Revolution Americans seeking to define what it meant to be American.

The turkey holds a significant role in American culture. Traditionally hunted by Native Americans and early settlers, it became an emblem of Thanksgiving and a symbol of community and gratitude. Franklin’s longing for the turkey was not only about the bird but also about nurturing a robust American identity based on native elements rather than outside influence.

His vision can also be tied to his philosophical ideologies, which emphasized the importance of self-reliance and independence from old-world traditions. By advocating for the turkey, Franklin aimed to promote an image of what America could aspire to be—confident, brave, and distinctly its own.

3. The Lighter Side of Franklin’s Argument

While Franklin’s critique of the bald eagle carries serious undertones about morality and identity, there was undeniably a humorous aspect to his arguments. Franklin was known for his witty, satirical style that often mocked established conventions. His plea for the turkey reads almost like an amusing anecdote, designed to evoke laughter and provoke thought.

Franklin relished the idea of a national bird that evoked warmth and familiarity rather than the aloof nature of the bald eagle. By suggesting the turkey, he playfully subverted expectations and invited readers to reconsider symbols of power and pride. This approach not only emphasizes Franklin’s character as a polymath but also highlights the possibility of seeing joy and humor even in serious discussions.

Furthermore, had the turkey been chosen, it could have radically shifted how cultural holidays, particularly Thanksgiving, have evolved. The turkey, already central to Thanksgiving traditions, might have deepened its significance as an emblem of national pride, emphasizing unity and gratitude over austere notions of might and authority.

4. The Legacy of Franklin’s Turkey Proposal

Over time, Franklin’s playful suggestion serves as a reminder of the diverse perspectives that shaped the nation. The enduring image of the bald eagle reflects strength and perseverance, yet Franklin’s advocacy for the turkey resonates with themes of community, humility, and cultural roots. Although the bald eagle remains the emblem of the United States today, Franklin’s preference for the turkey underlines the significance of national symbols and their roles in crafting collective identity.

Moreover, Franklin’s stance presents a broader lesson about diversity in cultural symbols. Just as America is a melting pot of values and beliefs, so too can its symbols represent multiple aspects of its identity. Franklin’s humorous critique invites us to think critically about the symbols we adopt and their implications, urging generations to embrace the full spectrum of America’s unique qualities.

In recent years, Franklin’s turkey proposal has become a point of folklore often used in educational contexts to engage students in discussions about history, identity, and the interpretation of national symbols.

Conclusion: The Turkey as a Symbol of America

Ultimately, Benjamin Franklin’s desire for the turkey as a national bird illustrates the dynamic and often humorous nature of shaping identity in a newly founded nation. His belief that the turkey represented authentic values shaped by American landscapes serves as a poignant reminder of the diverse narratives that coalesce into the American identity. Though we may forever have the bald eagle soaring high in our skies, let us not forget Franklin’s fondness for the turkey—a symbol of resilience, community spirit, and an amusing anecdote weaved into American folklore.

In celebrating Franklin’s quirky idea, we honor a man who, while advocating the nobility of the turkey, challenged us to question our symbols and their meanings—a lesson that remains relevant as we continue to define who we are as a nation.